UPSC Prelims 2021 Analysis

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect Both Dayabhaga and Mitakshara are the basic to the upper castes alone. Mitakshara school is followed in most of India while Dayabhaga is followed in Bengal.

Statement 2 is correct In the Dayabhaga system, sons obtain rights to property only at the death of the father, and in the Mitakshara school, the sons and grandsons have rights over his property even while he is alive.

Statement 3 is incorrect Both Dayabhaga system and Mitakshara system deals with property held with women.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct St. Francis Xavier was a Spanish Jesuit who lived as a Roman Catholic missionary in the 1500s. He was one of the first seven members of the Jesuit order.

Statement 2 is incorrect He did not die in Goa but at Sachian, an island off the coast of China. A church in memory of St. Xaviercalled the Church of Bom Jesus, is located in Goa with his mortal remains.

Statement 3 is correct A feast in honor of St. Xavier is celebrated annually in Goa.

Explanation

The number of matches won is not the sole deciding factor While the number of wins plays a role, the World Test Championship uses a points system based on series results. Teams receive points for winning or drawing Test matches within a series.

The ranking isn't solely based on most matches won The statement provides an incomplete picture. The ranking considers the points accumulated through the series, not just the overall number of matches won across the entire tournament.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct American golfer Tiger Woods was the first winner of Laureus World Sports Award.

Statement 2 is incorrect Tennis players have received more Laureus World Sports Awards compared to other sports.

Statement 3 is correct Roger Federer received this award a maximum number of times compared to others.

Explanation

The 32nd Summer Olympics was held in Tokyo in 2021. The Tokyo 2020 official Games motto was United by Emotion. The Rio Olympics 2016 official slogan was A New World. Thus, statement 1 is incorrect.

New IOC rules for the Tokyo Olympics allowed host cities to choose popular sports for inclusion in the Games. Tokyo Olympics added six new sports, including baseball, softball, surfing, skateboarding, karate, and sports climbing. Additionally, there were new forms of basketball and cycling and mixed-team events in traditional sports. Thus, statement 2 is correct.

Explanation

Out of the ancient Indian figures mentioned, Bhavabhuti, Hastimalla and Kshemeshvara were famous playwrights.

Bhavabhuti A celebrated playwright and poet from the 8th century CE, known for his Sanskrit plays like "Mahaviracharita," "Malatimadhava," and "Uttararamacharita."

Hastimalla A Jain poet and writer from the 13th century CE, who wrote in Kannada and is known for his work "Purvapurana."

Kshemeshvara A Sanskrit poet from Kashmir, believed to have lived between the 10th and 11th centuries CE. One of his notable works is "Dasavatar Charita."

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect The national awards such as Bharat Ratna, Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan, and Padma Shri do not amount to titles within the meaning of Article 18(1) of the Constitution.

Statement 2 is incorrect Padma awards were instituted in the year 1954 and have been suspended in years 1978, 1979, 1993, and 1997.

Statement 3 is Incorrect The number of Bharat Ratna Awards is restricted to a maximum of three in a particular year.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct (Circular temple, Kachchhapaghata Dynasty) This statement is accurate. The Chausath Yogini Temple near Morena is a circular temple complex built during the reign of the Kachchhapaghata dynasty, estimated to be around the 11th century CE.

Statement 2 is incorrect (Not the only circular temple) While the Chausath Yogini Temple is a well-known example, it's not the only circular temple in India. There are other circular temples across the country, such as the Shiva temple at Bhringari in Andhra Pradesh.

Statement 3 is incorrect (Vaishnava cult) The temple is not primarily associated with the Vaishnava cult, which worships Vishnu. The specific dedication of the temple is debated, with some theories suggesting a connection to Shaktism or Tantric practices.

Statement 4 is correct (Inspiration for Parliament building) There's a popular belief that the circular design of the Chausath Yogini Temple might have inspired the architects of the Indian Parliament building in New Delhi. However, there's no definitive historical evidence to confirm this connection.

Therefore, the correct statements are 1 and 4.

Explanation

Ajanta Caves lie in the gorge ofthe Waghora river.

Sanchi Stupa Sanchi Stupa is located on a hilltop in Sanchi, Madhya Pradesh, and is not situated in a gorge. Pandu-Lena Cave Shrines These caves are situated near Aurangabad, Maharashtra, and are not associated with any specific gorge. Amaravati Stupa Amaravati Stupa is located on the banks of the Krishna River in Andhra Pradesh, not in a gorge.

Explanation

Halbi, Ho and Kui are tribal languages.

Halabi is spoken in Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh.