Subject: Indian Geography

The naming of tropical cyclones has evolved from a complex meteorological identification system to a more streamlined, globally coordinated process that facilitates effective disaster communication and management.

Historical Evolution of Cyclone Naming

• Initially, cyclones were identified through their geographical coordinates and pressure values.
• The practice of naming cyclones began during World War II by meteorologists for quick identification and communication.
• The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) later standardized this practice globally to avoid confusion and ensure uniformity.

Regional Naming Conventions

• North Indian Ocean Basin:

  • The Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre (RSMC) in Delhi is responsible for naming cyclones.
  • Eight countries contribute names: Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Myanmar, Oman, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
  • Each country provides 8 names, creating a pool of 64 names used sequentially.

• North Atlantic and Eastern Pacific:

  • Managed by the National Hurricane Center (NHC).
  • Uses six rotating lists of names, primarily alternating between male and female names.
  • Names of devastating cyclones like Katrina are permanently retired.

• Western Pacific:

  • The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) coordinates the naming process.
  • Uses names contributed by 14 nations in the region.
  • Names often reflect local cultural elements and natural phenomena.

Current System Features

• Names are chosen based on:
  • Easy pronunciation and understanding.
  • Cultural sensitivity and regional relevance.
  • Non-political and non-controversial nature.
• The system enables:
  • Quick identification for warning dissemination.
  • Better public awareness and response.
  • Effective international coordination.

The systematic naming of tropical cyclones has transformed from a technical necessity to an essential tool in disaster risk reduction, enabling better communication and preparedness across regions. The success of initiatives like Project Cyclone and coordinated efforts through RSMC Delhi demonstrates the importance of standardized naming conventions in managing these natural phenomena effectively.