A public servant is any person who works for the government, at any level, and is responsible for implementing government policies and serving the public. This encompasses a wide range of roles, from elected officials to bureaucrats, police officers, and teachers. The core ethical dilemma lies in balancing individual discretion with adherence to established rules and procedures while serving the diverse needs of the public.

Serving the Public Good

This theme emphasizes the core purpose of public service. Plato, in The Republic, argued for philosopher-kings, individuals with wisdom and integrity to govern justly. This aligns with the Indian concept of Raja Dharma, emphasizing the ruler's moral duty to their subjects.

• Impartiality and Objectivity: Decisions should be based on merit and evidence, not personal biases.

  • Example: The Right to Information Act, 2005 empowers citizens to access government information, promoting transparency and accountability in public service.

• Responsiveness and Accessibility: Public servants should be accessible and responsive to the needs of the public they serve.

  • Example: The establishment of e-governance initiatives like the UMANG app provides citizens with a single platform to access various government services, enhancing accessibility.

• Commitment to Public Interest: Public servants must prioritize the welfare of the community over personal gain.

  • Example: T.N. Seshan, as Chief Election Commissioner, implemented electoral reforms to ensure free and fair elections, demonstrating a commitment to the public interest.

Ethical Conduct and Integrity

This theme highlights the importance of ethical behavior in public service. Aristotle's virtue ethics emphasizes cultivating virtues like honesty, fairness, and courage. The Indian philosophical tradition of Karma Yoga emphasizes selfless action and duty.

• Accountability and Transparency: Public servants are accountable for their actions and decisions.

  • Example: The Central Vigilance Commission investigates corruption cases involving public servants, ensuring accountability.

• Honesty and Integrity: Public servants must maintain the highest ethical standards in their professional and personal lives.

  • Example: Ashok Khemka, an IAS officer, faced numerous transfers for exposing corruption in land deals, upholding his integrity.

• Objectivity and Impartiality: Decisions should be based on merit and evidence, free from bias or favoritism.

  • Example: The establishment of independent bodies like the Union Public Service Commission aims to ensure merit-based recruitment in public services.

In conclusion, public servants play a vital role in upholding the principles of good governance and ensuring the well-being of citizens. By adhering to ethical principles and fulfilling their duties with integrity, they contribute to a just and equitable society, reflecting the values enshrined in the Indian Constitution.