Corruption is the abuse of entrusted power for private gain, eroding public trust and hindering development. Non-performance of duty by public servants, while not always involving direct financial gains, can be considered a form of corruption.

Dereliction of Duty as Corruption

Non-performance stems from a disregard for public welfare, violating the ethical principle of duty as highlighted by Immanuel Kant. This undermines the social contract between the state and its citizens, enshrined in the Indian Constitution's preamble which promises justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity to all its citizens.

• Erosion of Public Trust: Neglecting duties breeds cynicism and distrust in governance.
  • Example: The infamous Bhopal Gas Tragedy partly stemmed from regulatory negligence.
• Inefficiency and Lost Opportunities: Delays and inaction hinder progress and service delivery.
  • Example: Delayed environmental clearances stalled the POSCO steel project in Odisha for over a decade.
• Indirect Financial Implications: Non-performance can lead to increased costs and lost revenue.
  • Example: Inefficient tax collection systems create loopholes for tax evasion.

Other Forms of Corruption

Bribery, embezzlement, and nepotism are blatant forms of corruption, directly violating ethical principles of fairness and integrity. These actions, often driven by greed, as highlighted by Adam Smith's concept of self-interest, directly harm public resources and undermine the rule of law.

Conclusion

Combating corruption requires a multi-pronged approach. Emphasizing accountability, performance evaluation, and ethical leadership in public service is crucial. Strengthening institutions like the Lokpal and CVC, coupled with promoting transparency and citizen participation, can foster a culture of integrity and responsiveness in Indian governance.