Q4. Why is the Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System (IRNSS) needed? How does it help in navigation?

Model Answer:

Introduction

IRNSS, now known as NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation), is India's autonomous regional navigation satellite system. It consists of a constellation of seven satellites designed to provide accurate position information to users in India and surrounding areas. The system aims to provide services such as precise timing, location, and navigation to various sectors, including transportation, telecommunications, and emergency services.  

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Why is IRNSS Needed?

  1. Independence from Global Systems: IRNSS reduces dependence on foreign navigation systems like GPS, ensuring national security and reliable services for Indian users.
  2. Enhanced Accuracy: The system offers enhanced positional accuracy of better than 20 meters, improving navigation for various applications, including transportation and logistics.
  3. Improved Coverage: IRNSS provides better coverage in India and surrounding regions, including areas where global systems may not offer adequate service.
  4. Strategic Military Advantage: Having an independent navigation system gives India a strategic military advantage, ensuring reliable navigation for defence operations without foreign dependencies.
  5. Support for Local Applications: IRNSS supports diverse local applications, such as disaster management, agriculture, and mining, facilitating better resource management and response strategies. 

How Does IRNSS Help in Navigation?

  1. Accurate Positioning: IRNSS provides highly accurate positioning information, which is essential for navigation in vehicles, ships, and aircraft across India.
  2. Real-time Data: The system delivers real-time navigation data, enabling users to access current location information quickly and efficiently for various applications.
  3. Time Synchronization: IRNSS offers precise timing services, crucial for various applications, including telecommunications, financial transactions, and scientific research, enhancing operational efficiency.
  4. Enhanced User Safety: With improved navigation accuracy, IRNSS helps in reducing accidents and improving safety standards in transport sectors like aviation and maritime.
  5. Multi-modal Navigation Support: IRNSS supports various navigation modes, including terrestrial, aerial, and marine, making it versatile for different users and applications across sectors.

Conclusion

IRNSS enhances India’s navigation capabilities, ensuring reliable, accurate, and independent navigation services critical for economic growth and national security. 

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