The Second Administrative Reforms Commission (ARC) recommended a Public Service Code to codify the ethical principles and conduct expected of civil servants. This aimed to address the growing concerns about integrity, accountability, and efficiency within the civil services. The core dilemma lies in balancing the flexibility needed for effective governance with the need for clear, enforceable standards of conduct.

Values of Public Service

This theme emphasizes the ethical foundation of the Code. Drawing from Aristotle's virtue ethics, the Code seeks to cultivate virtues like integrity and impartiality. It aligns with Article 51A of the Indian Constitution, promoting a sense of duty among citizens, including civil servants.

• Focus on Public Interest: Prioritizing citizen welfare over personal gain.
  • Example: The Right to Information Act, 2005 empowers citizens to hold officials accountable, promoting transparency.
• Objectivity and Impartiality: Decisions based on merit and evidence, not personal biases.
  • Example: e-governance initiatives like online passport applications minimize discretion, ensuring fairness.
• Integrity and Honesty: Upholding the highest standards of ethical conduct.
  • Example: The Central Vigilance Commission investigates corruption cases, reinforcing integrity.

Accountability and Transparency

Accountability, as advocated by John Locke, ensures responsible use of power. Transparency, inspired by Gandhi's Satyagraha, fosters public trust.

• Performance Management: Regular evaluations and feedback to improve service delivery.
  • Example: The Performance Management Division in the Department of Personnel and Training promotes performance-oriented culture.
• Citizen Charters: Clearly defined service standards and timelines for government agencies.
  • Example: The Sevottam model encourages citizen feedback and continuous improvement in public service delivery.
• Whistleblower Protection: Safeguarding individuals who expose wrongdoing.
  • Example: The Whistle Blowers Protection Act, 2014 protects those who report corruption and misconduct.

The Public Service Code, while facing implementation challenges, offers a crucial pathway to enhance ethical conduct, accountability, and efficiency in Indian governance, ultimately strengthening public trust and democratic values. Its success hinges on sustained political will, effective training, and continuous refinement based on practical experience.