Subject: Governance

E-governance has emerged as a transformative force in modern public administration, marked by the integration of Digital India initiatives that have revolutionized service delivery. India's journey from traditional governance to digital governance showcases remarkable progress, with 16,088 e-services operational as of November 2023, reflecting a substantial increase from 11,614 in April 2023.

Key Features of E-governance

Effectiveness:

• Implementation of Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) ensures accurate targeting and timely delivery of welfare benefits.
• Integration of Common Service Centers (CSCs) has brought services closer to citizens, especially in rural areas.
• 1,574 mandatory e-services by states have streamlined public service delivery mechanisms.

Transparency:

• e-District project enables citizens to track their applications and grievances in real-time.
• Digital payments through platforms like BHIM have reduced cash transactions and associated corruption.
• Online procurement platforms ensure transparent bidding and contract allocation processes.

Accountability:

• Digital documentation creates audit trails for all government transactions.
• Right to Information (RTI) applications can be filed and tracked online.
• Performance monitoring systems enable better oversight of government functionaries.

Inadequacies Hampering Enhancement

Infrastructure Challenges:

• Limited internet connectivity in remote areas affects service accessibility.
• Inadequate digital infrastructure in tier-2 and tier-3 cities.
• Power supply inconsistencies in rural regions.

Digital Literacy Issues:

• Low digital literacy rate of approximately 37% (NASSCOM, 2023).
• Significant rural-urban digital divide with rates as low as 12% in rural areas.
• Language barriers in accessing digital services.

Technical Constraints:

• Inadequate cybersecurity measures leading to data vulnerability.
• Limited interoperability between different government platforms.
• Outdated hardware and software in government offices.

The path forward lies in addressing these challenges through initiatives like PM GATI Shakti for infrastructure development and Digital Saksharta Abhiyan for enhancing digital literacy, ensuring that e-governance truly becomes an instrument of inclusive development.