Subject: Indian Society

Answer:

In an era of Fourth Industrial Revolution, the interplay between globalization and new technology has transformed resource utilization patterns, particularly in developing economies like India. The convergence of these forces has created both opportunities and challenges in managing scarce resources while maintaining sustainable growth trajectories.

Technology-Driven Resource Optimization

• Digital Agriculture: Implementation of precision farming technologies has revolutionized resource management, with data analytics optimizing irrigation patterns and reducing water wastage in agricultural operations.
• Smart Manufacturing: Indian companies like Tata Motors and Mahindra & Mahindra have adopted advanced technologies for efficient resource utilization, enhancing global competitiveness.
• Green Technology Integration: Integration of renewable energy solutions and sustainable practices has helped in better resource management while reducing environmental impact.

Globalization's Impact on Resource Management

• Foreign Direct Investment: According to RBI data, India received US$67.7 billion in gross FDI during April-January 2025, with manufacturing sector receiving the largest share, facilitating technology transfer and resource optimization.
• Global Supply Chains: Integration into global value chains has necessitated adoption of international standards in resource management and sustainability practices.
• Knowledge Transfer: Collaboration with global partners has enabled access to advanced technologies and best practices in resource conservation.

Challenges and Opportunities

• Digital Divide: Despite technological advancement, disparities in access to technology affect efficient resource utilization across different sections of society.
• Resource Security: Balancing global market demands with domestic resource security remains a critical challenge.
• Policy Framework: Implementation of Digital India Act and India AI Mission demonstrates government's commitment to responsible technology adoption and resource management.

Way Forward

• Capacity Building: Focus on skill development and technological literacy to ensure wider adoption of resource-efficient technologies.
• Sustainable Innovation: Promotion of indigenous technology solutions aligned with local resource constraints and requirements.
• Collaborative Approach: Enhancement of public-private partnerships for technology-driven resource management.

The synergy between globalization and technology presents a unique opportunity for India to optimize its resource utilization while maintaining global competitiveness. Success stories like Sun Pharmaceutical Industries and Dr. Reddy's Laboratories demonstrate how Indian companies can leverage this synergy for sustainable growth in a resource-constrained world.