Subject: Internal Security

The convergence of organized crime and terrorism has emerged as a significant threat to national security, with criminal syndicates increasingly collaborating with terror groups through sophisticated networks and shared resources. The National Investigation Agency (NIA) reports that such nexus has intensified, particularly in border regions, challenging law enforcement agencies.

Types of Organized Crime

• Drug Trafficking and Narco-terrorism:

  • Major organized crime involving cultivation, manufacturing, and distribution of narcotics.
  • The Golden Crescent and Golden Triangle serve as prominent drug trafficking routes.
  • Nexus with terrorist groups for funding through hawala networks.

• Human Trafficking:

  • Forced labor, sexual exploitation, and illegal migration networks.
  • Anti-Human Trafficking Units (AHTUs) report increased cases in border states.
  • Exploitation of vulnerable populations, particularly women and children.

• Arms Trafficking:

  • Illegal weapons trade through porous borders.
  • Supply of arms to insurgent groups in North-East India.
  • Collaboration with international arms dealers and terrorist organizations.

Linkages between Terrorism and Organized Crime

• Financial Networks:

  • Shared funding channels through hawala operations.
  • Money laundering through legitimate businesses.
  • Use of cryptocurrency for untraceable transactions.

• Operational Cooperation:

  • Sharing of safe houses and transit routes.
  • Exchange of tactical information and resources.
  • Joint operations in border areas and conflict zones.

• Transnational Networks:

  • Cross-border criminal syndicates like D-Company.
  • International drug cartels supporting terrorist activities.
  • Cyber crime networks facilitating terror financing.

Impact and Challenges

• Law Enforcement Challenges:
  • Complex investigation requirements.
  • Need for international cooperation.
  • Technological advancement of criminal networks.

The growing nexus between terrorism and organized crime requires a coordinated response through mechanisms like the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) and strengthened international cooperation. Implementation of Multi Agency Centre (MAC) for intelligence sharing and adoption of advanced technologies like Artificial Intelligence in surveillance can help combat this emerging threat effectively.