Critically examine the Election Commission’s stance on simultaneous elections in India, especially with reference to the basic structure doctrine and election-related institutional mechanisms.

Critically examine the limitations of the POSH Act in addressing sexual harassment in educational institutions, especially in cases involving power imbalance and emotional manipulation. Suggest reforms.

With the rise of deepfake technologies and AI-generated content, discuss the challenges they pose to personality rights in India. Evaluate the adequacy of existing legal frameworks and suggest measures to ensure stronger protection.

“The 2025 Hayli Gubbi volcanic eruption highlights the geological dynamism of the East African Rift System.” Explain.

What opportunities does the entry of private players in manufacturing PSLV create for India’s space economy?

The COP30 draft text has avoided mentioning a clear phase-out of fossil fuels. Discuss the implications of this omission for global climate action, particularly for developing countries.

Discuss the significance of the 20th G20 Leaders’ Summit in Johannesburg for India’s foreign policy, with reference to the themes of Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam and South–South cooperation.

The 2024 India–Pakistan Smog highlights that air pollution in South Asia is a transboundary problem. Discuss the key causes of this crisis and suggest long-term regional strategies to tackle it.

Explain the significance of ISRO’s successful bootstrap mode start test on the CE20 cryogenic engine for India’s future space missions.

Critically analyse the need for a National Tribunal Commission (NTC) in India.

Discuss the significance of the Supreme Court’s recent directives on tiger safaris and Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs) in strengthening tiger conservation efforts in India.

Despite significant technological and programmatic advancements, India continues to bear the highest global tuberculosis burden. Discuss the key challenges and recent innovations influencing India’s progress toward TB elimination.

How does the recent detection of wild poliovirus in Germany highlight the importance of global surveillance and vaccination in sustaining polio eradication efforts?

Discuss the significance of Janjatiya Gaurav Diwas in highlighting the contributions of tribal leaders like Birsa Munda.

Discuss the major factors driving Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in India and evaluate the role of recent government initiatives such as Kerala’s AMRITH programme in addressing this challenge.

How does India’s collaboration with African nations under Project Cheetah reflect its approach towards global partnerships in wildlife conservation?

How does the development of a customised Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) scale by Indian researchers reflect the growing role of science and technology in environmental management?

“The Assam Prohibition of Polygamy Bill, 2025 reflects the tension between uniform civil laws and protection of tribal customs.”
Discuss in the context of constitutional provisions and gender justice in India.

Discuss the significance of Aditya-L1’s recent observation of a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) using the Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC) in advancing our understanding of solar activity and its impact on space weather.

Discuss the historical significance of ‘Vande Mataram’ in India’s freedom struggle and how it reflected the idea of cultural nationalism.