Mains Answer Writing - 8 Nov, 2026

GS4

Ethics: Theory

10 marks

Can an action be considered ethical if it achieves a good outcome through morally questionable means? Discuss with suitable examples.

Tips for your answer

  • Integrate deontological ethics (duty-based) and consequentialism (outcome-based) rather than treating them as mutually exclusive.
  • Mahatma Gandhi emphasised the inseparable relationship between means and ends.
  • Do not argue that achieving public welfare automatically justifies illegal or unethical methods.

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