Mains Answer Writing - 31 Dec, 2025

GS1

Art & Culture

15 marks

UNESCO’s report “Bhasha Matters: The State of the Education Report for India 2025” strongly advocates mother-tongue based multilingual education (MTB-MLE). Examine the rationale behind MTB-MLE and discuss the key challenges and measures required for its effective implementation in India.

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Tips for your answer

Anchor the answer in learning outcomes and equity
Show how MTB-MLE improves comprehension, retention and inclusion, especially for first-generation learners.
Link UNESCO recommendations with India’s diversity
Use India’s linguistic plurality to justify decentralised, state-level implementation.
Balance idealism with feasibility
Highlight teacher shortages, material development and financing constraints while proposing practical solutions.

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