Score:
9.5/15
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GS3
Environment & Ecology
15 marks
How do wetlands contribute to ecological balance and sustainable development? Discuss the major threats faced by wetland ecosystems in India and suggest measures for their conservation.
Student’s Answer
Evaluation by SuperKalam
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Wetlands are transitional ecosystems between terrestrial and aquatic environments where water remains permanently or seasonally. They include marshes, swamps, lakes, flood plains, mangroves, and lagoons. Wetlands are among the most productive ecosystems and play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance, biodiversity, and sustainable development.
Wetlands are transitional ecosystems between terrestrial and aquatic environments where water remains permanently or seasonally. They include marshes, swamps, lakes, flood plains, mangroves, and lagoons. Wetlands are among the most productive ecosystems and play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance, biodiversity, and sustainable development.
Contribution of Wetlands:
1) Biodiversity Conservation: Wetlands provide habitat and breeding grounds for migratory birds, fish, amphibians, and aquatic plants.
2) Flood Control & Water Regulation: They absorb excess rainwater, reduce floods and maintain river flow during dry season.
3) Water Purification: Wetlands filter pollutants, sediments and toxic substances, thereby improving water quality.
4) Climate Regulation: Mangroves and peatlands act as carbon sinks and help mitigate climate change.
5) Economic Importance: Wetlands support fisheries, agriculture, tourism and livelihoods of local communities while also aiding groundwater recharge.
Contribution of Wetlands:
1) Biodiversity Conservation: Wetlands provide habitat and breeding grounds for migratory birds, fish, amphibians, and aquatic plants.
2) Flood Control & Water Regulation: They absorb excess rainwater, reduce floods and maintain river flow during dry season.
3) Water Purification: Wetlands filter pollutants, sediments and toxic substances, thereby improving water quality.
4) Climate Regulation: Mangroves and peatlands act as carbon sinks and help mitigate climate change.
5) Economic Importance: Wetlands support fisheries, agriculture, tourism and livelihoods of local communities while also aiding groundwater recharge.
Major Threats to wetlands in India
→ Rapid urbanization, industrialization and agricultural expansion causing encroachment.
→ Pollution from sewage, fertilizers, pesticides and industrial effluents leading to eutrophication.
→ Invasive species such as water hyacinth degrading wetland ecosystems.
→ Climate change causing sea-level rise, droughts and irregular rainfall patterns.
→ Weak implementation of environmental laws and lack of scientific management.
Major Threats to wetlands in India
→ Rapid urbanization, industrialization and agricultural expansion causing encroachment.
→ Pollution from sewage, fertilizers, pesticides and industrial effluents leading to eutrophication.
→ Invasive species such as water hyacinth degrading wetland ecosystems.
→ Climate change causing sea-level rise, droughts and irregular rainfall patterns.
→ Weak implementation of environmental laws and lack of scientific management.
Conservative Measures: Strict enforcement of wetlands Rules 2017, scientific mapping, pollution control, restoration projects and community participation are essential. Conservation efforts at Chilika Lake & Keoladeo National Park highlight successful wetland management.
Conservative Measures: Strict enforcement of wetlands Rules 2017, scientific mapping, pollution control, restoration projects and community participation are essential. Conservation efforts at Chilika Lake & Keoladeo National Park highlight successful wetland management.
Conclusion: Wetlands are vital for ecological security, climate resilience and sustainable development. Their conservation is necessary for ensuring environmental sustainability & human well-being.
Conclusion: Wetlands are vital for ecological security, climate resilience and sustainable development. Their conservation is necessary for ensuring environmental sustainability & human well-being.
The answer demonstrates solid understanding of wetlands' importance and threats. However, it lacks specific Indian examples, data, and depth in conservation measures. Strengthening these with concrete instances and linking contributions to sustainable development would significantly enhance quality.
Wetlands are transitional ecosystems between terrestrial and aquatic environments where water remains permanently or seasonally. They include marshes, swamps, lakes, flood plains, mangroves, and lagoons. Wetlands are among the most productive ecosystems and play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance, biodiversity, and sustainable development.
Wetlands are transitional ecosystems between terrestrial and aquatic environments where water remains permanently or seasonally. They include marshes, swamps, lakes, flood plains, mangroves, and lagoons. Wetlands are among the most productive ecosystems and play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance, biodiversity, and sustainable development.
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