Mains Answer Writing - 17 May, 2026

GS3

Environment & Ecology

15 marks

How do wetlands contribute to ecological balance and sustainable development? Discuss the major threats faced by wetland ecosystems in India and suggest measures for their conservation.

Tips for your answer

  • Start with definition + importance — Briefly define wetlands and mention their ecological role (biodiversity, flood control, carbon sink, groundwater recharge).
  • Use multidimensional threats — Cover environmental, developmental, and governance-related threats like encroachment, pollution, urbanisation, invasive species, and climate change.
  • Conclude with solutions + examples — Mention conservation measures like Ramsar Convention, Wetlands Rules 2017, community participation, and cite examples such as Chilika Lake or Keoladeo National Park

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