Mains Answer Writing - 17 May, 2026

GS3

Environment & Ecology

15 marks

How do wetlands contribute to ecological balance and sustainable development? Discuss the major threats faced by wetland ecosystems in India and suggest measures for their conservation.

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Tips for your answer

Start with definition + importance — Briefly define wetlands and mention their ecological role (biodiversity, flood control, carbon sink, groundwater recharge).
Use multidimensional threats — Cover environmental, developmental, and governance-related threats like encroachment, pollution, urbanisation, invasive species, and climate change.
Conclude with solutions + examples — Mention conservation measures like Ramsar Convention, Wetlands Rules 2017, community participation, and cite examples such as Chilika Lake or Keoladeo National Park

9.5/15

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