Mains Answer Writing - 7 Jan, 2026

GS2

International Relations

15 marks

Q. The recent U.S. strike on Venezuela has been
described as a revival of the "Monroe Doctrine" in
contemporary geopolitics.
In this context, examine the relevance of the Monroe
Doctrine in the 21st century and discuss the implications
of such interventions on sovereignty and regional
stability in Latin America.

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Tips for your answer

Start with context, not history
Define the Monroe Doctrine in one line and directly link it to its modern interpretation as U.S. strategic dominance in the Western Hemisphere.
Use Venezuela as an application, not an example
Show how the strike reflects regime intervention, pre-emptive action, and protection of U.S. interests—testing the doctrine’s 21st-century relevance.
Balance sovereignty and stability
Briefly assess violation of sovereignty and non-intervention norms, and its impact on regional instability, polarisation, and external power entry.

9/15

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