Mains Answer Writing - 3 Jul, 2026

GS2

International Relations

15 marks

"Birthright citizenship reflects the balance between constitutional guarantees and sovereign control over immigration." Examine this statement with reference to the recent U.S. Supreme Court judgment upholding birthright citizenship and discuss its relevance in the Indian constitutional framework.

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Tips for your answer

✅ 1. Compare the U.S. model (constitutional jus soli) with India's statutory citizenship under Articles 5–11 and the Citizenship Act, 1955—this is the highest value addition.
✅ 2. Remember Fourteenth Amendment, Article 11, Citizenship Act, 1955, and the 2003 amendment as reusable constitutional references.
✅ 3. Avoid treating the answer as only an immigration issue; the focus is the relationship between constitutional guarantees, parliamentary power and judicial review.

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