Q5. Highlight the differences in the approach of Subhash Chandra Bose and Mahatma Gandhi in the struggle for freedom.

Model Answer:

Introduction

Subhash Chandra Bose and Mahatma Gandhi, both prominent leaders in India's freedom struggle, shared the common goal of ending British rule, but their methods and ideologies differed significantly. While Gandhi advocated non-violence and gradual reforms, Bose believed in armed resistance and immediate liberation.

Body

Approach to Non-Violence:

• Mahatma Gandhi believed in Ahimsa (non-violence) as a fundamental principle. He led mass movements like Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience, and Quit India through peaceful protests, civil resistance, and non-violent means.
• Subhash Chandra Bose, on the other hand, considered non-violence inadequate for achieving complete independence. He believed in the necessity of an armed struggle to expel the British.

Vision of Independence:

• Gandhi’s vision was centred around a gradual transfer of power, focusing on achieving self-rule (Swaraj) through negotiations and reforms, believing in a moral victory over the British.
• Bose, however, demanded complete and immediate independence, without compromise. His strategy involved taking advantage of World War II, aligning with powers like Germany and Japan to secure India’s freedom.

Formation of the Indian National Army (INA):

• While Gandhi focused on mobilising masses through non-cooperation, Bose took a more direct approach by raising the Indian National Army (INA) to fight alongside the Axis powers against British forces.
• Bose’s slogan “Give me blood, and I will give you freedom” contrasted sharply with Gandhi’s call for non-violence and peaceful resistance.

Conclusion

‍Subhash Chandra Bose and Mahatma Gandhi offered distinct paths toward India's independence. Gandhi’s reliance on non-violence and moral persuasion differed from Bose’s militant approach, but both were driven by the desire for a free India. Their contrasting methods reflect the diversity of thought within the Indian freedom movement.

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