With reference to micro-irrigation, which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. Fertilizer/nutrient loss can be reduced. 2. It is the only means of irrigation in dryland farming. 3. In some areas of farming, the receding of the groundwater table can be checked. Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

QUESTION

Medium

Economy

Prelims 2011

With reference to micro-irrigation, which of the following statements is/are correct?

Fertilizer/nutrient loss can be reduced.
It is the only means of irrigation in dryland farming.
In some areas of farming, the receding of the groundwater table can be checked.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Select an option to attempt

Explanation

Statement 1 is Correct: Micro-irrigation allows for 'fertigation,' where fertilizers are dissolved and applied directly to the root zone through the irrigation system. This targeted delivery significantly reduces nutrient loss through leaching or surface runoff compared to traditional flood irrigation.

Statement 2 is Incorrect: Micro-irrigation is a highly efficient method for water-scarce areas, but it is not the 'only' means of irrigation in dryland farming. Dryland agriculture also relies on rain-fed farming, traditional surface irrigation, and various moisture conservation techniques like mulching and rainwater harvesting.

Statement 3 is Correct: By improving water-use efficiency and reducing the overall quantity of water required for cultivation, micro-irrigation decreases the pressure on aquifers. This reduction in over-extraction helps in checking the receding groundwater table in many farming regions.

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