Subject: Science & Technology

India's growing focus on nanotechnology is evident from the significant budget allocation of ₹3,446.64 crore to DBT in 2025-26, highlighting the nation's commitment to advancing this transformative field. Nanotechnology, operating at the scale of 1-100 nanometers, represents a revolutionary approach to manipulating matter at the atomic and molecular level, offering unprecedented possibilities across various sectors, particularly healthcare.

Understanding Nanotechnology

• Fundamental Concept: Nanotechnology involves engineering and manipulation of materials at the nanoscale (1-100 nanometers), where materials exhibit unique physical, chemical, and biological properties.

• Key Components:

  • Nanoparticles: Microscopic particles with enhanced surface area and reactivity.
  • Nanodevices: Miniaturized machines capable of precise operations at cellular levels.
  • Nanomaterials: Engineered substances with specific properties for targeted applications.

Applications in Healthcare

• Drug Delivery Systems:

  • Targeted delivery of medications to specific cells or tissues.
  • Enhanced bioavailability and reduced side effects.
  • Smart drug carriers that respond to biological triggers.

• Diagnostic Tools:

  • Nano-biosensors for early disease detection.
  • Advanced imaging techniques for precise diagnosis.
  • Real-time monitoring of biological processes.

• Therapeutic Applications:

  • Nanorobots for minimally invasive surgeries.
  • Cancer treatment through targeted therapy.
  • Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Market Growth and Impact

• The global nanotechnology-based medical devices market reached USD 4.7 billion in 2024.
• India's nanotechnology market, including medical devices, stands at USD 236.01 million.
• Government initiatives like Bio-RIDE scheme with allocation of ₹2,300 crore support research and development.

The convergence of nanotechnology and healthcare, supported by initiatives like DBT's enhanced funding and the Bio-RIDE scheme, promises a future of more precise, effective, and personalized medical treatments, potentially revolutionizing healthcare delivery in India and globally.