Subject: International Relations

India's diaspora in South-East Asia, comprising over 30 million people, has emerged as a significant force shaping economic, social, and cultural dynamics in the region. The Indian diaspora's remittances reaching $118.7 billion in 2023-24 exemplifies their substantial economic contribution and growing influence in South-East Asian nations.

Economic Impact

• Financial Contributions: The diaspora serves as a vital source of foreign exchange through remittances, with the UAE contributing 19.2% of total remittances in FY24.
• Business Networks: Indian entrepreneurs have established successful ventures across sectors like IT, healthcare, and retail, creating employment opportunities and fostering bilateral trade.
• Investment Catalysts: They facilitate Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flows between India and South-East Asian nations, strengthening economic partnerships.

Social and Cultural Influence

• Cultural Integration: The diaspora promotes Indian culture through festivals, art, and cuisine, enhancing people-to-people connections.
• Educational Exchange: Indian professionals contribute to knowledge transfer through academic collaborations and skill development programs.
• Community Leadership: Many diaspora members hold influential positions in business and government, facilitating bilateral dialogue and cooperation.

Diplomatic Bridge

• Soft Power Enhancement: The diaspora strengthens India's soft power through cultural diplomacy and professional excellence.
• Policy Advocacy: They act as informal ambassadors, promoting India's interests and shaping host countries' policies towards India.
• Strategic Partnerships: The Joint Action Plan 2024-2028 and India-GCC Strategic Dialogue demonstrate the diaspora's role in fostering international cooperation.

Challenges and Opportunities

• Integration Issues: Some communities face cultural adaptation and social acceptance challenges.
• Skills Recognition: Need for better recognition of Indian qualifications and professional expertise.
• Digital Connectivity: Leveraging technology for enhanced diaspora engagement and networking.

The Indian diaspora in South-East Asia continues to play a transformative role through their economic contributions, cultural integration, and diplomatic bridging. Programs like Pravasi Bharatiya Divas and Know India Programme further strengthen these connections, making the diaspora an invaluable asset in India's global engagement strategy.