Mains Answer Writing - 27 Apr, 2026

GS2

Indian Polity

10 marks

Mass political shifts are often justified as ‘mergers’ rather than ‘defections’. Critically examine this distinction under the Tenth Schedule.

Define Clearly
Defection = individual switch (disqualification)
Merger = 2/3rd members + party merger (valid)
Show Misuse
Explain how “merger” is used to bypass the Anti-Defection Law (engineered splits, Speaker bias).
Add Reforms
Suggest fixes: independent tribunal, stricter rules, faster decisions (as seen in Kihoto Hollohan vs Zachillhu).

6/10

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