Mains Answer Writing - 20 Dec, 2025

GS2

SOCIAL_ISSUES_AND_SCHEMES

15 marks

“The replacement of MGNREGA with the Viksit Bharat Guarantee for Rozgar and Ajeevika Mission (Gramin) Bill, 2025 marks a shift from a rights-based welfare framework to a budget-driven approach.” Critically examine the implications of this shift for rural employment security and fiscal federalism in India.

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Tips for your answer

Start by highlighting the structural shift — clearly contrast MGNREGA’s demand-driven, legal entitlement model with the new Bill’s budgeted and centrally designed framework.
Analyse federal and rights concerns — discuss implications of reduced central funding share, fiscal stress on states, and dilution of the rights-based character of rural employment.
Conclude with balanced evaluation — acknowledge stated goals like livelihood diversification and Gandhian ideals, while assessing whether institutional design matches these objectives.

9.5/15

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