Mains Answer Writing - 20 Dec, 2025
GS2
SOCIAL_ISSUES_AND_SCHEMES
15 marks
“The replacement of MGNREGA with the Viksit Bharat Guarantee for Rozgar and Ajeevika Mission (Gramin) Bill, 2025 marks a shift from a rights-based welfare framework to a budget-driven approach.” Critically examine the implications of this shift for rural employment security and fiscal federalism in India.
Tips for your answer
- Start by highlighting the structural shift — clearly contrast MGNREGA’s demand-driven, legal entitlement model with the new Bill’s budgeted and centrally designed framework.
- Analyse federal and rights concerns — discuss implications of reduced central funding share, fiscal stress on states, and dilution of the rights-based character of rural employment.
- Conclude with balanced evaluation — acknowledge stated goals like livelihood diversification and Gandhian ideals, while assessing whether institutional design matches these objectives.
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GS3
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“The debate over conservation of the Western Ghats reflects the tension between ecological sustainability and developmental priorities.”
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GS3
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“The introduction of Public–Private Partnership (PPP) model medical colleges in tribal districts marks a shift in India’s approach to healthcare capacity building.”
In this context, examine the rationale behind adopting the PPP model for medical education in tribal regions. Discuss its potential benefits and challenges in ensuring equity, quality of healthcare delivery, and public accountability.
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