Mains Answer Writing - 20 Jan, 2026

GS3

Science & Technology

10 marks

What is the Greenwald limit in nuclear fusion research? Why is China’s EAST fusion reactor achieving stable plasma density beyond this limit considered important?

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Tips for your answer

Define first, in one line: Begin by clearly explaining the Greenwald limit as the maximum safe plasma density in a tokamak beyond which plasma becomes unstable.
Link to fusion feasibility: Briefly state why higher plasma density is crucial for fusion—more collisions, higher energy output, and progress towards sustained fusion.
Highlight significance, not details: Focus on why EAST’s achievement matters (breaking a long-standing design barrier, improving prospects of viable fusion energy), without going into excessive technical depth.

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