Mains Answer Writing - 17 Feb, 2026

GS3

Economy

15 marks

“India’s push towards a bioeconomy through bio-based chemicals and industrial enzymes can reduce import dependence on petrochemicals while promoting sustainable manufacturing.”
Examine this statement in the context of the BioE3 policy. Discuss opportunities, challenges, and policy measures required for scaling the sector in India.

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Tips for your answer

Start with context – Briefly define bio-based chemicals & enzymes and link them to India’s import dependence and sustainability goals.
Use a 3-part body – Opportunities (agriculture, fermentation capacity, jobs) → Challenges (cost, feedstock, infra, market) → Solutions (policy, standards, shared facilities).
End with a forward-looking conclusion – Connect to bioeconomy growth, green manufacturing, and strategic autonomy.

9.5/15

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