Mains Answer Writing - 14 Mar, 2026

Tips for your answer

• 1. Start with the Constitutional Angle (Article 21): Begin by linking passive euthanasia to the Right to Life and Dignity under Article 21. Mention that the Supreme Court interpreted this right to include the “right to die with dignity” in Common Cause v. Union of India.
• 2. Use Landmark Judgments to Structure the Body
• Frame the answer chronologically using key cases:
• - Aruna Ramchandra Shanbaug v. Union of India – first recognition of passive euthanasia.
• - Common Cause v. Union of India – right to die with dignity and living wills.
• - Recent implementation through the Harish Rana passive euthanasia case.
• 3. Balance Law with Ethical Concerns in the Conclusion
• Always mention the ethical debate:
• - Autonomy and dignity vs sanctity of life.
• - End by stating that strict safeguards and medical boards ensure humane and responsible end-of-life decisions.