Score:
6/10
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Topper’s Copy
GS4
Ethics: Theory
10 marks
What is the concept of a Just War? Discuss the major ethical dilemmas involved in balancing national security with humanitarian considerations during war.
Student’s Answer
Evaluation by SuperKalam
Demand of the Question
- What the concept of Just War actually means
- Ethical dilemmas in balancing national security with humanitarian concerns during war
What you wrote:
Just war theory is an ethial framewor regulationg the Justification for entering war (Jus Ad bellum) and the morality of its Conduct (Jus in bello). It reconciles the universal moral prohibition against violence with a state's duty to protect its citizens.
Just war theory is an ethial framewor regulationg the Justification for entering war (Jus Ad bellum) and the morality of its Conduct (Jus in bello). It reconciles the universal moral prohibition against violence with a state's duty to protect its citizens.
Suggestions to improve:
- Could replace “universal moral prohibition” with a **presumption against war**, distinguishing conditional permission from an absolute ban.
- Can identify core **jus ad bellum** conditions, such as **just cause, legitimate authority, and last resort**, to complete the definition.
What you wrote:
Ethical Dilemmas: National Security vs Humanitarian considerations
Proportionality Vs Collateral Damage:
Net Neutralizing critical military targets versus preventing civilian casualties under principle of double effect.
Asymmetric Warfare:
Fighting non state acto who embed within civilan Infrastructure forcing a chioce between tactical success and humanitarian protection
Supreme Emergency: Determining whether existential threats to state survival Justify suspending universal humanitaia laws
Means vs Ends:
Utilizing advanced or legally ambiguous weapons (e.g., AI drones) to rapidly end a war versus upholding absolute human rights
Ethical Dilemmas: National Security vs Humanitarian considerations
Proportionality Vs Collateral Damage:
Net Neutralizing critical military targets versus preventing civilian casualties under principle of double effect.
Asymmetric Warfare:
Fighting non state acto who embed within civilan Infrastructure forcing a chioce between tactical success and humanitarian protection
Supreme Emergency: Determining whether existential threats to state survival Justify suspending universal humanitaia laws
Means vs Ends:
Utilizing advanced or legally ambiguous weapons (e.g., AI drones) to rapidly end a war versus upholding absolute human rights
Suggestions to improve:
- Could distinguish **supreme emergency’s moral controversy** from legal permission; existential danger does not generally suspend civilian-protection rules.
- Can recast **AI drones** around **accountability and distinction**, asking who bears responsibility when automated targeting harms civilians.
- Could replace “absolute human rights” with specific protections, and clarify **double effect**: civilian harm cannot be the intended means.
What you wrote:
Blancing both requires strict adherence to international humanitarian law, ensuring that protecting national security does not destroy the moral values that state seeks to defend
Blancing both requires strict adherence to international humanitarian law, ensuring that protecting national security does not destroy the moral values that state seeks to defend
Suggestions to improve:
- Could distinguish **legal compliance** from **moral justification**, since lawful military action can still raise ethical concerns.
- Can make humanitarian restraint concrete through **precautions in attack**, such as civilian warnings where feasible.
Your answer addresses both demands coherently and identifies meaningful dilemmas. Strengthen Just War criteria and distinguish moral controversy from legal permission and weapons regulation.
Demand of the Question
- What the concept of Just War actually means
- Ethical dilemmas in balancing national security with humanitarian concerns during war
What you wrote:
Just war theory is an ethial framewor regulationg the Justification for entering war (Jus Ad bellum) and the morality of its Conduct (Jus in bello). It reconciles the universal moral prohibition against violence with a state's duty to protect its citizens.
Just war theory is an ethial framewor regulationg the Justification for entering war (Jus Ad bellum) and the morality of its Conduct (Jus in bello). It reconciles the universal moral prohibition against violence with a state's duty to protect its citizens.
Suggestions to improve:
- Could replace “universal moral prohibition” with a **presumption against war**, distinguishing conditional permission from an absolute ban.
- Can identify core **jus ad bellum** conditions, such as **just cause, legitimate authority, and last resort**, to complete the definition.
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