India at 80, a democracy in search of renewal, Pg10

Key Highlights:

• India is entering its 80th year of Independence, prompting reflection on its democratic journey and achievements.
• The nation has made significant strides in scientific, technological, defence, and economic sectors.
• The article highlights concerns regarding the erosion of fraternity, heightened disparities, and communal discord among citizens.
• Challenges to democratic functioning include the arrogance of power, transgressions of constitutional jurisdictions, and strained Centre-State relations.
• The performance of key constitutional institutions such as the Supreme Court of India, Parliament, and Election Commission of India is under scrutiny.
• The indifference of a significant section of the citizenry to constitutional governance aberrations is identified as a contributing factor to democratic deficit.

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Detailed Insights:

• The article notes a decline in social cohesion, leading to communal discord and the "othering" of large sections of the population.
• It criticizes the arrogance of power and the transgression of constitutionally demarcated jurisdictions by different branches of the state.
• Electoral processes are seen as compromised by the influence of money, muscle, and a pliant bureaucracy, undermining voter autonomy.
• The Supreme Court of India faces criticism for delays in adjudication, certain bail decisions, and the functioning of the collegium system.
• Parliament is perceived to have lost its role as a forum for informed deliberations due to shifting political loyalties of elected representatives.
• The Election Commission of India is urged to restore its credibility amidst widespread doubts about its functioning.
• The media's role as a guardian of public interest is questioned, with many acting as partisan advocates rather than objective reporters.
• The indifference of a vast section of the citizenry to constitutional governance failures is identified as a significant concern.
• The article calls for national renewal through introspection and a return to ethical fundamentals in political practice.

Key Concepts Involved:

• Fraternity: A sense of common brotherhood and sisterhood among all citizens, promoting social cohesion.
• Federal Polity: A system of governance where power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units.
• Substantive Democracy: A form of democracy where the will of the people is truly represented and protected, beyond mere procedural aspects.
• Collegium System: The system of appointment and transfer of judges in the Supreme Court and High Courts in India.