QUESTION

GS

Medium

Modern History

Prelims 2011

Which amongst the following provided a common factor for tribal insurrection in India in the 19th century?

Select an option to attempt

Explanation

The complete disruption of the old agrarian order is the common factor because it represents the fundamental structural shift that triggered tribal uprisings across India. Traditionally, many tribal communities practiced communal land ownership, such as the 'Khuntkatti' system among the Mundas. The British colonial administration dismantled these traditional systems by introducing the concept of private property, landlordism, and the commercialization of forest resources. This structural collapse was the root cause that facilitated the specific grievances mentioned in other options, such as the heavy taxation (Option A) and the influx of 'Dikus' or outsiders like moneylenders and traders (Option C). While missionaries and taxes were significant irritants, the overarching cause was the loss of their traditional socio-economic framework and control over their ancestral lands.

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