India is regarded as a country with a "demographic dividend" due to its large working-age population compared to its dependent population (young and old).

Working-age population This refers to the population segment that is traditionally in the workforce, typically between the ages of 15 and 64. Dependent population This includes children (usually below 15 years) and older adults (usually above 64 years) who are financially reliant on the working-age population.

A large working-age population relative to the dependent population creates a potential for economic growth. This is because more people are contributing to the economy through their labour and taxes, while fewer are relying on social services.