Model Answer

Cyclone Arnab struck Andhra Pradesh on 28 October 2026, with winds reaching 150 km/h. Despite large-scale evacuations, it disrupted infrastructure and livelihoods, highlighting persistent coastal vulnerabilities.

Major Challenges in Cyclone Disaster Management

1. Coastal vulnerability exposes densely populated settlements to storm surges. e.g: Low-lying Andhra Pradesh coast.
2. Infrastructure damage disrupts electricity, roads and communications. e.g: Power outages during Cyclone Arnab.
3. Livelihood losses affect farmers and fishing communities. e.g: Crop damage and fishing restrictions during Arnab.
4. Compound disasters combine heavy rainfall, flooding and strong winds.
5. Coordination gaps complicate evacuation, relief and rehabilitation across districts.

Measures to Strengthen Cyclone Resilience

1. Early warning systems should provide location-specific alerts. e.g: IMD's Cyclone Warning DSS (2026).
2. Timely evacuation must prioritise vulnerable communities. e.g: Over 1.8 lakh evacuated ahead of Arnab.
3. Resilient infrastructure requires cyclone-resistant housing and underground power lines.
4. Ecosystem protection through mangrove restoration can reduce coastal vulnerability. e.g: Sundarbans.
5. Community preparedness through mock drills, shelters and trained volunteers. e.g: Odisha's cyclone management model.

India must shift from disaster response towards risk reduction through early warnings, resilient infrastructure and community participation.