Mains Answer Writing - 28 Dec, 2025

GS3

Environment & Ecology

15 marks

Andhra Pradesh’s coastal belt has emerged as a strategic hub for rare earth elements (REEs) in India. Discuss the significance of these deposits for India’s clean energy, defence and high-technology sectors. Also examine the challenges associated with their exploitation and suggest a way forward.

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Tips for your answer

Treat REEs as strategic resources, not ordinary minerals
Explicitly link them to energy transition, national security and technology sovereignty.
Use location-specific facts selectively
Mention Andhra Pradesh’s coastline, monazite content and share in national reserves to add credibility.
Balance opportunity with governance concerns
Environmental risks, radiation safety and regulatory capacity must be addressed to score well.

8.5/15

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