Mains Answer Writing - 25 May, 2026

GS2

Indian Polity

15 marks

“India’s declining birth rate and infant mortality rate reflect an ongoing demographic transition, yet persistent rural-urban disparities continue to challenge inclusive human development.”
In the light of the latest Sample Registration Survey (SRS) 2024 findings, critically examine the trends in India’s demographic indicators and discuss the policy measures needed to address regional and rural-urban inequalities.

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Tips for your answer

Start with trend analysis → Mention declining birth rate, death rate, and IMR as signs of demographic transition and improved healthcare.
Highlight disparities → Compare rural vs urban indicators to show uneven development and healthcare access gaps.
Conclude with solutions → Focus on rural healthcare infrastructure, maternal-child nutrition, ASHA/Anganwadi strengthening, and awareness initiatives.

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