Mains Answer Writing - 21 Feb, 2026

GS3

Economy

10 marks

Stubble burning has emerged as a recurring source of air pollution in North India despite technological monitoring measures. Examine the challenges in detecting and controlling farm fires and suggest a comprehensive strategy to address the problem.

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Tips for your answer

Structure it in layers – Causes (economic compulsion, MSP–paddy cycle, short sowing window) → detection gaps (satellite timing, small fires, cloud/smoke masking) → enforcement limitations.
Blend tech + socio-economic solutions – Mention improved satellite algorithms, ground verification, and also incentives, machinery subsidies, crop diversification, biomass markets.
Conclude with cooperative federalism – Centre–State coordination, farmer participation, and long-term agricultural reform rather than only punitive measures.

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