Mains Answer Writing - 8 Nov, 2025
GS2
Indian Polity
10 marks
Discuss the distinction between the ‘right to vote’ and the ‘freedom of voting’ in the context of the Supreme Court’s observations on uncontested elections and the NOTA option.
Tips for your answer
- Begin with a clear distinction: Define right to vote as a statutory right under the Representation of the People Act, 1951, and freedom of voting as a fundamental right under Article 19(1)(a).
- Explain with context: Mention the current case on uncontested elections and NOTA, showing how the Centre differentiates between the two — i.e., freedom of voting applies only when polling occurs.
- Conclude with implications: Highlight how this distinction affects electoral choice, democratic participation, and the expression of dissent in India’s electoral process.
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Modern History
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GS2
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"Vande Mataram" has been a symbol of India’s freedom struggle and was adopted as the National Song in 1950 with only two stanzas. Discuss the historical significance of "Vande Mataram" in India’s nationalist movement and the rationale behind adopting only two stanzas officially. In your answer, also examine the relevance of the song in contemporary India.
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Governance
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“Beijing’s success in reducing air pollution offers important lessons for India’s fight against urban smog.” Discuss the key elements of Beijing’s approach and examine how these can be adapted to improve air quality in the National Capital Region (NCR).
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