Mains Answer Writing - 2 Jun, 2026

GS3

Science & Technology

15 marks

The emergence of zoonotic and vector-borne diseases in wildlife habitats poses significant challenges to biodiversity conservation and ecosystem management. In the context of the recent Babesia infection-related deaths of Asiatic lion cubs in Gir National Park, discuss the causes, ecological implications, and management strategies for controlling such diseases in protected areas.

Tips for your answer

  • 1. Causes of the Disease
  • Tick-borne infection (Babesia parasite)
  • Wildlife–livestock interaction
  • Climate and environmental factors aiding tick proliferation
  • 2. Ecological & Conservation Impact
  • Threat to endangered wildlife such as the Asiatic Lion
  • Population decline and biodiversity loss
  • Potential zoonotic and ecosystem risks
  • 3. Way Forward
  • Disease surveillance and early warning systems
  • Tick control and veterinary intervention
  • One Health approach integrating wildlife, livestock, and human health
  • Framework: Causes → Consequences → Solutions (CCS) — easy to remember in the exam.

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