Mains Answer Writing - 1 Oct, 2025

GS1

Physical Geography

10 marks

What is the phenomenon of cloudbursts? Explain.

Define the phenomenon – sudden, extremely intense rainfall (≥100 mm/hr) over a localized area due to orographic uplift and convection.
Explain causes – presence of moisture-laden monsoon winds, topography (mountains), instability in atmosphere.
Discuss impacts (flash floods, landslides, destruction) and possible mitigation (early warning systems, disaster preparedness).

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