Swing, but do not miss, Pg6

Key Highlights:

• The WHO's Global Tuberculosis Report 2025 indicates a 21% decline in TB incidence in India from 2015 to 2024.
• India accounts for 25% of the global TB burden and recorded the maximum number of TB cases in 2024.
• Uttar Pradesh has the highest number of TB cases within India, followed by Maharashtra, Bihar, and Madhya Pradesh.
• India recorded 32% of global MDR-TB and rifampicin-resistant (RR-TB) cases in 2024.
• India's TB mortality rate decreased from 28 to 21 deaths per lakh population between 2015 and 2024.
• India missed its target to eliminate TB by 2025, which was ahead of the global target of 2030.

Detailed Insights:

• Despite the decline in TB incidence, India still faces challenges with a high number of TB cases and drug-resistant TB.
• Delhi has the highest TB infection prevalence rate in the country, despite not having the highest number of cases.
• The treatment success rate in India is 90% for new and treated cases, but only 77% for MDR-/RR-TB cases.
• Factors contributing to gains in TB control include advanced technologies like AI, molecular diagnosis, better nutrition, and newer therapies like BPaLM.
• The National TB Elimination Programme needs to address gaps in diagnosis, socio-economic disparities, high MDR-/RR-TB burden, drug shortages, and malnutrition.
• The government's TB elimination target is still over three times lower than the current mortality rate.

Key Concepts Involved:

• Tuberculosis (TB): An infectious disease caused by bacteria that typically affects the lungs.
• Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB): A form of TB that is resistant to at least two of the most powerful anti-TB drugs.
• Rifampicin-resistant (RR-TB): TB that is resistant to rifampicin, one of the most important first-line drugs used to treat the disease.
• National TB Elimination Programme: India's initiative to eliminate tuberculosis by 2025.