Parliament Question: Human Spaceflight Mission

Key Highlights:

• India's first crewed Gaganyaan mission is targeted for 2027.
• The Bharatiya Antariksh Station (BAS) is targeted for operationalization by 2035.
• Development and ground testing of the Human Rated Launch Vehicle (HLVM3) and Crew Escape System (CES) have been completed.
• The first Test Vehicle mission (TV-D1) for in-flight validation of the CES was successfully completed.
• Gaganyatris have completed generic training in Russia and are undergoing mission-specific training in Bengaluru.

Detailed Insights:

• The Orbital Module development includes propulsion systems for the Crew and Service Modules, and an engineering model for the Environmental Control & Life Support System (ECLSS).
• Key infrastructure like the Gaganyaan Control Centre, Crew training facility, and Second Launch pad modifications have been established.
• Integrated Air Drop Tests (IADT-01 & IADT-02) were successfully conducted to validate the deceleration system for the Crew Module.
• The ground network configuration for flight operations and communication, including IDRSS-1 feeder stations, has been finalized.
• The Bharatiya Antariksh Station (BAS) is planned to comprise five modules, with government approval for the development and launch of its first module (BAS-01).
• Critical technologies for the human space program, such as flight suits, view ports, crew seats, and docking technology, are being indigenously developed.

Key Concepts Involved:

• Gaganyaan Mission: India's first human spaceflight program aiming to send astronauts into low Earth orbit.
• Bharatiya Antariksh Station (BAS): India's planned space station, targeted for operationalization by 2035.
• Human Rated Launch Vehicle (HLVM3): A launch vehicle certified to safely carry humans into space.
• Crew Escape System (CES): A system designed to quickly separate the crew capsule from a malfunctioning rocket during launch.
• Environmental Control & Life Support System (ECLSS): Systems that provide breathable air, water, and temperature control for astronauts in space.