An Ordinance is a temporary law issued by the President (Article 123) or Governor (Article 213) when the legislature is not in session. It holds the same force as a regular law, but must adhere to constitutional limits.

✅ Statement I: Correct

• An Ordinance can amend any Central Act, just like a Parliamentary law, subject to constitutional provisions.

❌ Statement II: Incorrect

• Ordinances cannot abridge Fundamental Rights as per Article 13(2) of the Constitution. Any such provision is void.

✅ Statement III: Correct

• Ordinances can be given retrospective effect, i.e., they can be enforced from a past date.