Question
CSATHardPrelims 2025Maths

Three prime numbers p, q, and r, each less than 20, are such that pq=qrp - q = q - r. How many distinct possible values can we get for (p+q+r)(p + q + r)?

Explanation

From pq=qrp - q = q - r, we get 2q=p+r2q = p + r, so pp, qq, rr are in an arithmetic progression (AP). All valid triples must use odd primes (2 cannot fit in a 3-term prime AP under 20).

Primes < 20: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19

All 3-term APs of primes under 20:

  • (3, 5, 7) → sum = 15
  • (3, 7, 11) → sum = 21
  • (5, 11, 17) → sum = 33
  • (3, 11, 19) → sum = 33
  • (7, 13, 19) → sum = 39

Distinct sums: {15, 21, 33, 39} → 4 values.

Hence, the answer is 4.

Maths PYQs from 2025

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