QUESTION

CSAT

Hard

Reasoning

Prelims 2024

The total cost of 4 oranges, 6 mangoes and 8 apples is equal to twice the total cost of 1 orange, 2 mangoes and 5 apples. Consider the following statements:

  1. The total cost of 3 oranges, 5 mangoes and 9 apples is equal to the total cost of 4 oranges, 6 mangoes and 8 apples.
  2. The total cost of one orange and one mango is equal to the cost of one apple.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Select an option to attempt

Explanation

Let's assume the cost of one orange is O, one mango is M, and one apple is A.

Given:

  • The total cost of 4 oranges, 6 mangoes, and 8 apples is twice the total cost of 1 orange, 2 mangoes, and 5 apples. This translates to the equation:
    • 4O+6M+8A=2×(O+2M+5A)4O + 6M + 8A = 2 \times (O + 2M + 5A)

Now, let's simplify this equation:

  • 4O+6M+8A=2(O+2M+5A)4O + 6M + 8A = 2(O + 2M + 5A)
  • 4O+6M+8A=2O+4M+10A4O + 6M + 8A = 2O + 4M + 10A
  • 4O+6M+8A2O4M10A=04O + 6M + 8A - 2O - 4M - 10A = 0
  • 2O+2M2A=02O + 2M - 2A = 0
  • O+M=AO + M = A
    • This means the cost of 1 orange and 1 mango is equal to the cost of 1 apple.

Now, let's evaluate the statements:

  • Statement 1: The total cost of 3 oranges, 5 mangoes, and 9 apples is equal to the total cost of 4 oranges, 6 mangoes, and 8 apples.

    • 3O+5M+9A=4O+6M+8A3O + 5M + 9A = 4O + 6M + 8A
    • Using the relation O+M=AO + M = A, substitute A in both sides:
      • 3O+5M+9(O+M)=4O+6M+8(O+M)3O + 5M + 9(O + M) = 4O + 6M + 8(O + M)
      • Simplifying both sides gives us the same expression, so Statement 1 is correct.
  • Statement 2: The total cost of 1 orange and 1 mango is equal to the cost of 1 apple.

    • From the equation we derived earlier, Statement 2 is correct.

Conclusion: Both statements are correct.

Answer: C. Both 1 and 2

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