QUESTION

Medium

Science & Technology

Prelims 2024

Consider the following plants:

  1. Groundnut
  2. Horse-gram
  3. Soybean

How many of the above belong to the pea family?

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Explanation

All three plants—Groundnut, Horse-gram, and Soybean—belong to the pea family, scientifically known as Leguminosae or Fabaceae. This family is characterized by plants that produce legumes (pods containing seeds). Here's a breakdown of each:

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea):

  • Groundnut, also known as peanut, belongs to the Leguminosae family. It produces peanuts, which grow underground in pods, typical of legumes.

  • It is part of the subfamily Faboideae, a major division within the pea family.

Horse-gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum):

  • Horse-gram is another plant in the Leguminosae family. It is commonly cultivated in tropical regions and is known for its high protein content and use in animal feed and food.

  • It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae as well.

Soybean (Glycine max):

  • Soybean, one of the most important leguminous crops, also belongs to the Leguminosae family. It is widely grown for its edible beans and oil extraction.

  • Soybean is part of the subfamily Faboideae too.

All three plants are legumes, characterized by their pod-like fruit and ability to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere through a symbiotic relationship with bacteria in their root nodules.

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