QUESTION

CSAT

Easy

Maths

Prelims 2021

Consider the following multiplication problem:

(PQ)×3=RQQ(PQ) \times 3 = RQQ, where P, Q and R are different digits and Re0R e 0.

What is the value of (P+R)÷Q(P+R) \div Q?

Select an option to attempt

Explanation

PQ × 3 = RQQ

Or (10P+Q)×3=100R+10Q+Q(10P + Q) \times 3 = 100R + 10Q + Q

Or 30P+3Q=100R+11Q30P + 3Q = 100R + 11Q

Or 30P=100R+8Q30P = 100R + 8Q

The last digit of 30P30P will be 0, as well as that of 100R100R. So, the last digit of 8Q8Q must also be 0.

So, the value of QQ must be 5.

Hence, 30P=100R+8Q=100R+4030P = 100R + 8Q = 100R + 40 Or 3P=10R+43P = 10R + 4

If R=1R = 1, then P=14/3P = 14/3 (not an integer) If R=2R = 2, then P=24/3=8P = 24/3 = 8 If R=3R = 3, then P=34/3P = 34/3 (not an integer, and in double digits)

So, P=8P = 8, Q=5Q = 5, and R=2R = 2 That is, 85×3=25585 \times 3 = 255

So, (P+R)/Q=(8+2)/5=10/5=2(P+R)/Q = (8 + 2)/5 = 10/5 = 2

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