Local self-government is a key aspect of democratic decentralization, ensuring governance at the grassroots level.

In India, local self-government refers to governing bodies operating below the state level, forming the third tier of governance in the federal structure. The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments provide constitutional status and protection to Panchayati Raj Institutions (rural) and Urban Local Bodies (urban), respectively. Additionally, each state enacts its own legislation to regulate local governance.

Democratic decentralization is the foundation of local self-government, emphasizing:

• Democracy: Local citizens actively participate in governance through elected representatives, ensuring direct engagement in decision-making.
• Decentralization: Authority and responsibilities are transferred from central and state governments to local bodies, empowering communities to address region-specific issues and enhance efficient governance.

Thus, local self-government in India strengthens grassroots democracy, fosters self-reliance, and ensures better service delivery to the people.