With reference to bio-toilets used by the Indian Railways, consider the following statements: 1. The decomposition of human waste in the bio-toilets is initiated by a fungal inoculum. 2. Ammonia and water vapour are the only end products in this decomposition which are released into the atmosphere. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

QUESTION

Medium

Environment & Ecology

Prelims 2015

With reference to bio-toilets used by the Indian Railways, consider the following statements:

The decomposition of human waste in the bio-toilets is initiated by a fungal inoculum.
Ammonia and water vapour are the only end products in this decomposition which are released into the atmosphere.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Select an option to attempt

Explanation

The bio-toilets actually utilize bacteria, not fungi, to decompose human waste. These bacteria are anaerobic, meaning they function in an oxygen-free environment within the bio-digester tank.

The end products of decomposition in the bio-toilets are not just ammonia and water vapor. The process generates a combination of Treated water This water undergoes chlorination before being released. Methane This gas is released in small amounts and vents into the atmosphere. Sludge A minimal amount of solid residue remains after decomposition.

Therefore, the correct answer is None of the above.

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