Eyeing power, BNP may finally shed reactionary stance on India, Pg7

Key Highlights:

• Tarique Rahman, acting chairman of the BNP, returned to Dhaka on December 25 after 17 years in exile, ahead of the February 2026 elections.
• Founded in 1978 by Gen Ziaur Rahman, the BNP has historically maintained an anti-India stance, diverging from the Awami League's approach.
• Under Khaleda Zia's leadership, the BNP strengthened ties with Pakistan and China, while opposing transit arrangements with India.
• Since August 2024, the BNP has shown signs of adopting a more pragmatic approach towards India, advocating for a relationship based on "mutual respect".

Detailed Insights:

• The BNP's initial policies were a reaction to Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's government, including disagreements over the Indo-Bangla Friendship Treaty of 1972 and Farakka Barrage.
• Historically, the BNP aimed to diversify Bangladesh's foreign partnerships, moving away from the Awami League's focus on India and towards countries like China.
• Sheikh Hasina's consolidation of power after 2008 marginalized the BNP, enabling pacts with India on previously contested issues like border settlements.
• The BNP's shift towards a more pragmatic stance includes advocating for early elections, distancing from Jamaat-e-Islami, and reframing its approach to India.
• Key issues influencing the BNP's stance towards India include water sharing, particularly the Ganges Water Sharing Treaty expiring in December 2026, and relations with Pakistan.
• The extent of the BNP's cooperation with India, if it wins the February 2026 polls, will depend on balancing populist sentiments and competition with the Jamaat.

Key Concepts Involved:

• Hegemonic Power: A state with dominant influence over other countries.
• Secularism: The principle of separation of government institutions and persons mandated to represent the state from religious institutions and religious dignitaries.
• Transit Arrangement: Agreements allowing passage through a country, often involving trade or transportation.