Predictive analytics dashboards, hotspot detection: AI-based system set to make AQI forecast sharper, Pg4

Key Highlights:

• IIT-Kanpur's Airawat Research Foundation (ARF) is developing an AI-based system to enhance air quality forecasting in Delhi.
• The new system aims to provide sharper, year-round, and granular predictions, replacing the current Decision Support System (DSS).
• An MoU has been signed between ARF and the Delhi Environment department for this pilot initiative.
• It will offer 48-72 hour advance forecasts, including hotspot detection and hyperlocal source apportionment.
• The improved forecasts are crucial for effective implementation of the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) and National Clean Air Programme (NCAP).

Detailed Insights:

• The existing DSS has limitations, including an ageing emission inventory (EI) and uneven accuracy, particularly outside winter months.
• The Council on Energy, Environment and Water (CEEW) recommended regular updates to the EI and using Machine Learning (ML) for error correction.
• The new AI-driven system will continuously learn from past AQI data to improve its predictions over time.
• It will pinpoint areas where pollution is building up, identify regional airsheds, and trace contributions from individual sources.
• The project also involves expanding Delhi's monitoring network through low-cost sensors, mobile laboratories, and satellite data integration.
• The agreement between ARF and the Delhi Environment department is valid for five years, with provisions for extension.

Key Concepts Involved:

• Air Quality Index (AQI): A measure indicating the level of air pollution and its associated health risks.
• Decision Support System (DSS): A computer-based system that assists in decision-making by analyzing data and providing insights.
• Emission Inventory (EI): A comprehensive database detailing sources of air pollutants and the quantities they release.
• Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP): A set of emergency measures implemented in Delhi-NCR to combat severe air pollution based on AQI levels.
• National Clean Air Programme (NCAP): A national-level strategy in India to reduce air pollution across cities in a time-bound manner.