What is the Bureau of Port Security and its role?, Pg12

Key Highlights:

• The Bureau of Port Security (BoPS) was established as a statutory body under the Merchant Shipping Act 2025, Section 13.
• BoPS will function under the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, overseeing ship and port facility security.
• Coastal security is currently managed by multiple agencies, leading to coordination challenges that BoPS aims to resolve.
• India's cargo growth increased from 974 MMT in 2014 to 1,594 MMT in 2025, with port capacity expanding by 57%.
• The Indian Ports Act of 2025 replaced the Indian Ports Act of 1908, modernizing port laws.

Detailed Insights:

• BoPS will address maritime security concerns, including maritime terrorism, smuggling, human trafficking, piracy, and cybersecurity threats.
• A dedicated division within BoPS will focus on protecting port IT infrastructure from digital threats and coordinate with national cybersecurity agencies.
• The CISF is designated as a recognised Security Organisation under BoPS to standardise security plans, conduct assessments, and train private agencies.
• Maritime India Vision 2030 aims to develop best-in-class port infrastructure, aligning with the establishment of BoPS.
• Coastal shipping volumes rose 118%, and cargo movement through inland waterways surged eightfold from 18.1 MMT in 2014 to 145.5 MMT by 2025.
• The Indian Ports Act of 2025 and related legislation aim to modernise coastal trade, encourage Indian vessel ownership, and simplify regulatory processes.
• Criticisms of the new legislation include concerns over increased Union government authority over non-major ports and potential impacts on maritime federalism.

Key Concepts Involved:

• Statutory Body: An organization created by a law or statute, with defined powers and functions.
• ISPS Code: The International Ship and Port Facility Security Code, a set of measures to enhance maritime security.
• Maritime Federalism: The division of powers and responsibilities between the Union government and coastal states in maritime affairs.