Holistic approach, Pg10

Key Highlights:

• The Supreme Court of India is considering prosecuting farmers who engage in stubble burning.
• Stubble burning significantly contributes to air pollution in Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, and Haryana during October and November.
• The Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM), established to address air pollution, has been criticized for not being independent of political pressure.
• The CAQM's order to ban the sale of petrol and diesel for 'end-of-life' vehicles in the National Capital Region (NCR) was delayed due to public outcry and political intervention.

Detailed Insights:

• Stubble burning is caused by farmers preparing for rabi crop sowing and is exacerbated by adverse meteorological conditions that trap particulate matter.
• The CAQM has struggled to convince the judiciary that stubble burning persists due to farmer behavior, weak enforcement, and economic factors.
• Punjab has allegedly misrepresented data on farm fires, claiming reductions while the problem may have been increasing.
• A transparent evaluation mechanism, better incentives, and consistent enforcement are needed instead of punitive measures like jailing farmers.
• Addressing air pollution requires cooperation across state borders and a holistic approach that considers economic realities for farmers.

Key Concepts Involved:

• Stubble Burning: The practice of intentionally setting fire to crop residue after harvest.
• Particulate Matter: A mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air.
• Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM): A central body established to tackle air pollution in the National Capital Region and adjoining areas.