Early screening for gestational diabetes can ensure a healthy future for mother and child, Pg 22

Key Highlights

Prevalence & Impact of GDM

• Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is usually diagnosed between 24–28 weeks, but early screening (first trimester or before conception) can prevent complications.
• GDM increases risks of type 2 diabetes in both mother and child and metabolic issues in offspring.

Scientific & Clinical Evidence

• New evidence supports screening as early as the first trimester or before pregnancy.
• The Foetal Origin of Adult Disease (FOAD) theory highlights early-life conditions impact lifelong health.

National Policy & Guidelines

• India has national GDM screening guidelines, but their implementation is weak.
• Only 20% of pregnant women undergo testing during early pregnancy.

Barriers & Challenges

• Low awareness among doctors, lack of national enforcement.
• Poor access and high out-of-pocket expenditure deter early detection.

Analysis & Way Forward

• Universal, early GDM screening must be prioritised across India through strict policy enforcement and awareness among healthcare providers.
• Government must ensure accessibility, affordability, and include home-based outreach in rural areas.
• Integrate into broader maternal and newborn health framework.

Mains Mock Question:

"Discuss the significance of early screening for gestational diabetes in maternal and child healthcare. What are the key challenges in implementing national guidelines in India?"